DNA ligases seal five′-PO4 and 3′-OH polynucleotide ends by using three nucleotidyl transfer methods involving ligase-adenylate and DNA-adenylate intermediates. DNA ligases are crucial guardians of genomic integrity, and ligase dysfunction underlies human genetic sickness syndromes. Crystal structures of DNA ligases bound to nucleotide and nucleic acid substrates have illuminated https://kennethd568rok6.wikifordummies.com/user